Early pre-emergence control of Spermacoce sp. in soybean fields
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36560/19520262246Keywords:
Glycine max (L.) Merr, flumioxazin, glufosinate, glyphosate-tolerant weed, herbicide mixtureAbstract
The buttonweed (Spermacoce sp.) management is currently one of the main soybean yield gaps in Brazil. As it is a glyphosate-tolerant weed the adoption of early control practices are very important. Given this, the objective this study was to evaluate the performance of pre-emergent and post-emergent herbicides, alone or mixed, on the early button[eed control in a soybean field. The experiment was conducted in a commercial soybean farm, located in Mata Roma, Maranhão, Brazil. The area was selected due to its history of successive glyphosate use and reports of broomweed selection for at least 10 years. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks with 10 treatments and 4 replicates. The treatments consisted of the control (without herbicide), glyphosate, glyphosate + glufosinate, glyphosate + flumioxazine + pyroxasulfone, glyphosate + flumioxazine + imazethapyr, glufosinate + flumioxazine + pyroxasulfone, glufosinate + flumioxazine + imazethapyr, flumioxazine + pyroxasulfone, and flumioxazine + imazethapyr. We evaluated the buttonweed control, and phytotoxicity, density, plant height, NDVI index, total chlorophyll index, and soybean yield. We found buttonweed glyphosate-tolerant populations to the 1,500 (1st application) + 1,620 g a.e. ha⁻¹ (2nd application) applications, resulting in 59% yield losses. The combinations of glyphosate with glufosinate and flumioxazine increased the buttonweed control compared glyphosate alone. The application of flumioxazin (50 to 60 g a.i. ha⁻¹) in mixture with glufosinate (500 g a.i.) is effective for buttonweed control in soybean pre-planting, preserving a range control greater than 80% and a safety soybean yield.
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