Aqueous extract of Luffa cylindrica: modulation of antibiotic action and antioxidant and cytoprotective evaluation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36560/19420262223Palavras-chave:
Antibacterial modulation, Antioxidant activity, Cytoprotective activity, Secondary metabolitesResumo
This study evaluated the antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytoprotective activities of the decoction from Luffa cylindrica fruits (DFLC). The aqueous extract was obtained by boiling the dried fruits, followed by lyophilization, and subjected to phytochemical screening and biological assays. Antibacterial and modulatory activities were investigated by broth microdilution against Staphylococcus aureus 10 and Escherichia coli 06, while cytotoxicity was assessed by hemolysis in erythrocytes and antioxidant activity by the DPPH method. DFLC did not exhibit direct antibacterial activity (MIC > 512 µg/mL), but reduced the MIC of norfloxacin against S. aureus, indicating a potential modulatory effect. The extract showed low cytotoxicity at lower concentrations and a progressive increase in hemolysis at higher doses. Antioxidant activity was modest compared to ascorbic acid. These results suggest that, although not inherently antimicrobial, DFLC may act as a potential adjuvant to antimicrobials and exhibits concentration-dependent biological effects.
Referências
ABDEL-SALAM, Ibrahim M; AWADEIN, Nihal El-Sayed; ASHOUR, Mohamed. Cytotoxicity of Luffa cylindrica (L.) M. Roem. extract against circulating cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of ethnopharmacology, [s. l.], vol. 229, p. 89–96, 2019.
ABOH, Mercy Itohan et al. Phytochemical screening and antifungal activity of leaves extracts of Luffa cylindrica (Roem). African Journal of Microbiology Research, [s. l.], vol. 11, no 47, p. 1681–1687, 2017.
AHMED, Bahar; ALAM, Tanveer; KHAN, Shah A. Hepatoprotective activity of Luffa echinata fruits. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, [s. l.], vol. 76, no 2, p. 187–189, 2001.
AKINWUMI, Kazeeem Akinyinka; ELEYOWO, Oluwole Olusoji; OLADIPO, Omolara Omowunmi. A Review on the Ethnobotanical Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Effect of Luffa cylindrinca. Natural drugs from plants, [s. l.], p. 1–25, 2021.
ALVES, Cinthia dos S et al. Luffa operculata fruit aqueous extract induces motor impairments, anxiety-like behavior, and testis damage in rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, [s. l.], vol. 222, p. 52–60, 2018.
AZEEZ, Abideen Abolanle. BIOACTIVITY-GUIDED ISOLATION OF ANTIULCER CONSTITUENTS OF Securidaca longepedunculata FRES. ANDLuffa cylindrica (L.) ROEM. LEAF EXTRACTS. [S. l.]: [s. d.], 2019.
BERNARD, Francois-Xavier et al. Glycosylated flavones as selective inhibitors of topoisomerase IV. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, [s. l.], vol. 41, no 5, p. 992–998, 1997.
BHAMIDIPATI, Manjari; FABRIS, Laura. Multiparametric assessment of gold nanoparticle cytotoxicity in cancerous and healthy cells: the role of size, shape, and surface chemistry. Bioconjugate chemistry, [s. l.], vol. 28, no 2, p. 449–460, 2017.
BULBUL, Israt Jahan et al. Comparative study of in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of two bangladeshi medicinal plants-Luffa cylindrica L. and Luffa acutangula. Pharmacognosy Journal, [s. l.], vol. 3, no 23, p. 59–66, 2011.
BULKA, Nathalia Rodrigues et al. Preliminary evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activitiesof Luffa Operculata (L.)Cong.extracts. Acta Scientia, [s. l.], vol. 42, 2020.
CASTANHEIRO, Raquel A P et al. Antitumor activity of some prenylated xanthones. Pharmaceuticals, [s. l.], vol. 2, no 2, p. 33–43, 2009.
CHEN, Yuxia et al. Effect of softening treatments on the properties of high-density cylindrical luffa as potential mattress cushioning material. Cellulose, [s. l.], vol. 26, p. 9831–9852, 2019.
CHEN, Weizhen et al. Luffa cylindrica Intercropping with Semen cassiae—A Production Practice of Improving Land Use in Soil Contaminated with Arsenic. Plants, [s. l.], vol. 11, no 23, p. 3398, 2022.
CHOI, Chang W et al. Antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging capacity between Korean medicinal plants and flavonoids by assay-guided comparison. Plant science, [s. l.], vol. 163, no 6, p. 1161–1168, 2002.
CLSI. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically—Eleventh Edition: M07. [S. l.]: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Wayne, PA USA, 2018.
COUTINHO, Henrique D M et al. Enhancement of the antibiotic activity against a multiresistant Escherichia coli by Mentha arvensis L. and chlorpromazine. Chemotherapy, [s. l.], vol. 54, no 4, p. 328–330, 2008.
COUTINHO, Henrique D M et al. In vitro additive effect of Hyptis martiusii in the resistance to aminoglycosides of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Pharmaceutical Biology, [s. l.], vol. 48, no 9, p. 1002–1006, 2010.
DE LA PAZ LORENTE, Caridad et al. Actividad antimicrobiana de los extractos de Luffa cylindrica L. Multimed, [s. l.], vol. 16, no Supl. 1, p. 679–686, 2017.
DINIZ, Lucio Ricardo Leite. Efeito das saponinas triterpênicas isoladas das raizes da ampelozizyphus amazonicus ducke sobre a função renal. [s. l.], 2006.
FERNÁNDEZ-CALIENES VALDÉS, Aymé et al. Evaluación de la toxicidad de extractos de plantas cubanas con posible acción antiparasitaria utilizando larvas de Artemia salina L. Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical, [s. l.], vol. 61, no 3, p. 254–258, 2009.
JAVADPOUR, Maryam M et al. De novo antimicrobial peptides with low mammalian cell toxicity. Journal of medicinal chemistry, [s. l.], vol. 39, no 16, p. 3107–3113, 1996.
KAO, T H; HUANG, C W; CHEN, B H. Functional components in Luffa cylindrica and their effects on anti-inflammation of macrophage cells. Food chemistry, [s. l.], vol. 135, no 2, p. 386–395, 2012.
LI, Dan et al. Reactive oxygen species as a link between antioxidant pathways and autophagy. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, [s. l.], vol. 2021, no 1, p. 5583215, 2021.
MAHDI, Ramzy Ali; BAHRAMI, Yadollah; KAKAEI, Elham. Identification and antibacterial evaluation of endophytic actinobacteria from Luffa cylindrica. Scientific reports, [s. l.], vol. 12, no 1, p. 18236, 2022.
MUTHUMANI, P. et al. Phytochemical screening and anti inflammatory, bronchodilator and antimicrobial activities of the seeds of Luffa cylindrica. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences, [s. l.], vol. 1, no 4, p. 11–22, 2010.
NAGAR, Harsha; PIAO, Shuyu; KIM, Cuk-Seong. Role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in sepsis. Acute and critical care, [s. l.], vol. 33, no 2, p. 65, 2018.
PINTO, M M M; CASTANHEIRO, R. Natural prenylated xanthones: chemistry and biological activities. [S. l.]: Narosa Publishing House PVT. LTD: New Dehli, India, 2009.
SHARMA, Neeraj Kant et al. Hepatoprotective activity of Luffa cylindrica (L.) MJ Roem. leaf extract in paracetamol intoxicated rats. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources (IJNPR)[Formerly Natural Product Radiance (NPR)], [s. l.], vol. 5, no 2, p. 143–148, 2016.
SILVA, L R et al. Flavonoids: Chemical composition, medical actions and toxicity. Acta toxicológica argentina, [s. l.], vol. 23, no 1, p. 36–43, 2015.
STRIGHT, Allison et al. An investigation into the sensory properties of luffa (Luffa cylindrica (L.)) seeds and a comparison to other seeds (flax, sunflower, chia, and hemp). Food Research International, [s. l.], vol. 192, p. 114746, 2024.
WU, Haibin et al. Genetic linkage map construction and QTL analysis of two interspecific reproductive isolation traits in sponge gourd. Frontiers in plant science, [s. l.], vol. 7, p. 980, 2016.
ABDEL-SALAM, Ibrahim M; AWADEIN, Nihal El-Sayed; ASHOUR, Mohamed. Cytotoxicity of Luffa cylindrica (L.) M. Roem. extract against circulating cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of ethnopharmacology, [s. l.], vol. 229, p. 89–96, 2019.
ABOH, Mercy Itohan et al. Phytochemical screening and antifungal activity of leaves extracts of Luffa cylindrica (Roem). African Journal of Microbiology Research, [s. l.], vol. 11, no 47, p. 1681–1687, 2017.
AHMED, Bahar; ALAM, Tanveer; KHAN, Shah A. Hepatoprotective activity of Luffa echinata fruits. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, [s. l.], vol. 76, no 2, p. 187–189, 2001.
AKINWUMI, Kazeeem Akinyinka; ELEYOWO, Oluwole Olusoji; OLADIPO, Omolara Omowunmi. A Review on the Ethnobotanical Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Effect of Luffa cylindrinca. Natural drugs from plants, [s. l.], p. 1–25, 2021.
ALVES, Cinthia dos S et al. Luffa operculata fruit aqueous extract induces motor impairments, anxiety-like behavior, and testis damage in rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, [s. l.], vol. 222, p. 52–60, 2018.
AZEEZ, Abideen Abolanle. BIOACTIVITY-GUIDED ISOLATION OF ANTIULCER CONSTITUENTS OF Securidaca longepedunculata FRES. ANDLuffa cylindrica (L.) ROEM. LEAF EXTRACTS. [S. l.]: [s. d.], 2019.
BERNARD, Francois-Xavier et al. Glycosylated flavones as selective inhibitors of topoisomerase IV. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, [s. l.], vol. 41, no 5, p. 992–998, 1997.
BHAMIDIPATI, Manjari; FABRIS, Laura. Multiparametric assessment of gold nanoparticle cytotoxicity in cancerous and healthy cells: the role of size, shape, and surface chemistry. Bioconjugate chemistry, [s. l.], vol. 28, no 2, p. 449–460, 2017.
BULBUL, Israt Jahan et al. Comparative study of in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of two bangladeshi medicinal plants-Luffa cylindrica L. and Luffa acutangula. Pharmacognosy Journal, [s. l.], vol. 3, no 23, p. 59–66, 2011.
BULKA, Nathalia Rodrigues et al. Preliminary evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activitiesof Luffa Operculata (L.)Cong.extracts. Acta Scientia, [s. l.], vol. 42, 2020.
CASTANHEIRO, Raquel A P et al. Antitumor activity of some prenylated xanthones. Pharmaceuticals, [s. l.], vol. 2, no 2, p. 33–43, 2009.
CHEN, Yuxia et al. Effect of softening treatments on the properties of high-density cylindrical luffa as potential mattress cushioning material. Cellulose, [s. l.], vol. 26, p. 9831–9852, 2019.
CHEN, Weizhen et al. Luffa cylindrica Intercropping with Semen cassiae—A Production Practice of Improving Land Use in Soil Contaminated with Arsenic. Plants, [s. l.], vol. 11, no 23, p. 3398, 2022.
CHOI, Chang W et al. Antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging capacity between Korean medicinal plants and flavonoids by assay-guided comparison. Plant science, [s. l.], vol. 163, no 6, p. 1161–1168, 2002.
CLSI. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically—Eleventh Edition: M07. [S. l.]: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Wayne, PA USA, 2018.
COUTINHO, Henrique D M et al. Enhancement of the antibiotic activity against a multiresistant Escherichia coli by Mentha arvensis L. and chlorpromazine. Chemotherapy, [s. l.], vol. 54, no 4, p. 328–330, 2008.
COUTINHO, Henrique D M et al. In vitro additive effect of Hyptis martiusii in the resistance to aminoglycosides of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Pharmaceutical Biology, [s. l.], vol. 48, no 9, p. 1002–1006, 2010.
DE LA PAZ LORENTE, Caridad et al. Actividad antimicrobiana de los extractos de Luffa cylindrica L. Multimed, [s. l.], vol. 16, no Supl. 1, p. 679–686, 2017.
DINIZ, Lucio Ricardo Leite. Efeito das saponinas triterpênicas isoladas das raizes da ampelozizyphus amazonicus ducke sobre a função renal. [s. l.], 2006.
FERNÁNDEZ-CALIENES VALDÉS, Aymé et al. Evaluación de la toxicidad de extractos de plantas cubanas con posible acción antiparasitaria utilizando larvas de Artemia salina L. Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical, [s. l.], vol. 61, no 3, p. 254–258, 2009.
JAVADPOUR, Maryam M et al. De novo antimicrobial peptides with low mammalian cell toxicity. Journal of medicinal chemistry, [s. l.], vol. 39, no 16, p. 3107–3113, 1996.
KAO, T H; HUANG, C W; CHEN, B H. Functional components in Luffa cylindrica and their effects on anti-inflammation of macrophage cells. Food chemistry, [s. l.], vol. 135, no 2, p. 386–395, 2012.
LI, Dan et al. Reactive oxygen species as a link between antioxidant pathways and autophagy. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, [s. l.], vol. 2021, no 1, p. 5583215, 2021.
MAHDI, Ramzy Ali; BAHRAMI, Yadollah; KAKAEI, Elham. Identification and antibacterial evaluation of endophytic actinobacteria from Luffa cylindrica. Scientific reports, [s. l.], vol. 12, no 1, p. 18236, 2022.
MUTHUMANI, P. et al. Phytochemical screening and anti inflammatory, bronchodilator and antimicrobial activities of the seeds of Luffa cylindrica. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences, [s. l.], vol. 1, no 4, p. 11–22, 2010.
NAGAR, Harsha; PIAO, Shuyu; KIM, Cuk-Seong. Role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in sepsis. Acute and critical care, [s. l.], vol. 33, no 2, p. 65, 2018.
PINTO, M M M; CASTANHEIRO, R. Natural prenylated xanthones: chemistry and biological activities. [S. l.]: Narosa Publishing House PVT. LTD: New Dehli, India, 2009.
SHARMA, Neeraj Kant et al. Hepatoprotective activity of Luffa cylindrica (L.) MJ Roem. leaf extract in paracetamol intoxicated rats. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources (IJNPR)[Formerly Natural Product Radiance (NPR)], [s. l.], vol. 5, no 2, p. 143–148, 2016.
SILVA, L R et al. Flavonoids: Chemical composition, medical actions and toxicity. Acta toxicológica argentina, [s. l.], vol. 23, no 1, p. 36–43, 2015.
STRIGHT, Allison et al. An investigation into the sensory properties of luffa (Luffa cylindrica (L.)) seeds and a comparison to other seeds (flax, sunflower, chia, and hemp). Food Research International, [s. l.], vol. 192, p. 114746, 2024.
WU, Haibin et al. Genetic linkage map construction and QTL analysis of two interspecific reproductive isolation traits in sponge gourd. Frontiers in plant science, [s. l.], vol. 7, p. 980, 2016.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2026 Scientific Electronic Archives
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
A revista se reserva o direito de fazer alterações nas regras originais, na ortografia e na ordem gramatical, a fim de manter o idioma de culto padrão, respeitando, no entanto, o estilo dos autores. Os artigos publicados são de propriedade da revista Scientific Electronic Archives, tornando-se sua reimpressão total ou parcial, sujeitos à autorização expressa da direção da revista. A fonte original da publicação deve ser mantida. Os originais não serão devolvidos aos autores. As opiniões expressas pelos autores dos artigos são de sua exclusiva responsabilidade.
The journal reserves the right to make changes to the original rules, spelling and grammatical order, in order to keep the language of worship default, respecting, however, the style of the authors. Articles published are the property of Scientific Electronic Archives magazine, becoming its total or partial reprint, subject to the express authorization of the direction of the journal. The original source of publication should be retained. The originals will not be returned to the authors. Opinions expressed by authors of articles are solely your responsibility.
This journal uses the License Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional.
Accepted 2026-05-04
Published 2026-06-17
